Outdoor spaces for a pause
In Madrid’s Retiro district, courtyard or terrace design starts with intended use and its connection indoors. A reading corner, dining table and planting composition have different space and exposure requirements. Establishing priorities first helps retain a comfortable, usable outdoor room.
Sun control and comfort
Orientation helps determine where and when shade is useful. A pergola, movable shade or planting may fulfil different roles, subject to site conditions. Fixings, loads and any applicable permissions should be checked before selecting a structure.
Paving, water and visual continuity
Floor finishes influence the relationship with the home and how the space is used. Renovation requires assessment of the base, levels and waterproofing where applicable. Water disposal, utility access and cleaning should be resolved with the design rather than after paving is installed.